North America : Mexico

Mexico, in southern North America, has two major peninsulas: the Yucatán in the southeast, and Baja California in the northwest. A high plateau forms the core of the country, and is enclosed by mountain ranges. Mexico’s landscape varies dramatically from region to region.

The great Chihuahua Desert lies in Mexico’s arid north, an area inhabited since time immemorial by the Tarahumara in Chihuahua, the Yaquis in Sonora and the Huicholes in Zacatecas. The Copper Canyon, famous for its spectacular waterfall and microclimates, is another distinctive feature of this region. Central Mexico was a key area in the Mexican empires. It was here that major battles were fought between the conquistadors and the Indian peoples.

The Yucatán Peninsula is world-renowned for its archaeological treasures. The archaeological findings in the area have been extremely important; Chichén Itzá and Uxmal are perfect examples of the development achieved by the Mayans in that region. The Pacific Coast and the Baja Peninsula have pristine beaches and cliffs ideal for diving and fishing.

Mexico has been home to some of the world’s great civilizations, including Toltec, Mayan, and Aztec. About three-fifths of Mexico’s people are mestizos (of combined Indian and European extraction).

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